Question
The graph and table below give information about water use worldwide and water consumption in two different countries. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.| Country | Population | Irrigated land | Per person water use |
|---|---|---|---|
| Brazil | 176 million | 26,500 km² | 359 m³ |
| Congo (DRC) | 5.2 million | 100 km² | 8 m³ |
| Country | Population | Irrigated land | Per person water use |
|---|---|---|---|
| Brazil | 176 million | 26,500 km² | 359 m³ |
| Congo (DRC) | 5.2 million | 100 km² | 8 m³ |
Model Answer
The charts provided show global water usage across different sectors together with a comparison of water consumption in two countries. Overall, there was a significant increase in water consumption, particularly for agricultural use. The table shows, however, that variation exists at the national level.
From the graph we can see that water consumption was rising from 1900 onwards. This trend accelerated exponentially from around 1950. Agricultural use rose the most, with a sixfold increase from 500 to 3000 km³. The rise in industrial and domestic consumption was less steep. Water usage in these sectors grew to 1100 and 300 km³ respectively by the end of the period.
A comparison of water use in Brazil and the DRC shows that although a global trend is discernable, water utilisation can vary between countries. Even after allowing for differences in population and land use, the difference in per capita consumption is striking. The figure is 359 m³ for Brazil compared to just 8 m³ for the DRC.
(164 words)
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